1. You shall have no other gods before Me.
2. You shall make no idols.
3. You shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain.
4. Keep the Sabbath day holy.
5. Honor your father and your mother.
6. You shall not murder.
7. You shall not commit adultery.
8. You shall not steal.
9. You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.
10. You shall not covet.

However, the main sins in Islam:

1. Fitna: temptation, perturbation, intrigue, disruption.
2. Nifaq: hypocrisy
3. Kufr: denial of God
4. Shirk: idolatry, placing a person or ideology at God’s level
5. Baghi: greedy desire in order to acquire worldly issues

Is this a difference or something else?

Let’s take the first three commandments out of the ten, because these are similar with the mains sins of Islam even if wording is different. And now let’s check the remaining seven.

The ten commandments are about sins which are consequences of an intention or determined will. In order to commit them there is a need for someone whose ego dictates to his soul. This is the ordering ego (nafs al-amara). In this phase our ego has no control at all. It works as an instinct and does what it wants. Desires dominate over mind and spirit. So, the seven commandments of the ten are the result of the deed of an intemperate, ill-mannered ego.

The logic of Islam is different. It is too late if we stand up from our chair in order to commit a sin. We must deal and educate our ego. If we train our ego consciously, we can reach the stage of blaming ego. Blaming ego (nafs al-la’ama) appears when control comes in operation and man starts to choose between good and bad. In the Christian culture this is the conscience. However even this ego doesn’t cause for our soul rest and satisfaction (nafs al-mutma’inna). It will come when ego disappears so we call it soul what has found the way to Allah by its free will. Spirit is pure and in complete satisfaction.

Therefore, the main sins in Islam are the motivations existing in our ego which push us to the way for committing one or some of the sins mentioned in the ten commandments.

So, the two lists are completing each other and they are not at odds with each other. This is a very important statement because after analyzing these lists we have to come to the conclusion that the interpretation of a sin on every side must be the same. I know, it sounds ridiculous but it is not! Because even after several thousands of years we regard different issues as sins in all sides. What is considered as heroic deed on one side is terrorist act on the other. Should I continue?

So, we must start here from the main sins and jurisprudence should deduct the laws after common understanding.